According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, a staggering nearly two million Americans suffer from advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It’s plain to see that this common eye condition affects many and poses a more significant threat to clear vision than one might think.
What many don’t know is that genetics play a crucial role in AMD development and severity. At Eye & Vision Care Optometric Group, we understand the impact of family history on eye health and are passionate about educating our patients so they can make informed decisions to keep their vision healthy for a lifetime.
Understanding Macular Degeneration
AMD is a condition that affects the macula, a small but vital part of the retina responsible for clear, central vision. There are two main types: wet and dry. In wet macular degeneration, abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the macula, leaking blood and fluid, leading to vision loss. Dry macular degeneration, on the other hand, involves the deterioration or thinning of the macula over time.
Living with AMD can mean that simple, everyday activities like reading or recognizing faces are challenging.
Genetics and Macular Degeneration
Genes are the building blocks of our bodies and play a significant role in macular degeneration.
Specific genes are associated with macular degeneration, and variations in these genes can increase the risk of developing the condition.
In macular degeneration, having a family history of the condition increases your susceptibility. If your parents or siblings had it, you are at a higher risk than someone with no family history of AMD. Hence, knowing your family's eye health history is a valuable tool for predicting and managing potential risks.
Moreover, extensive genome-wide association studies have identified 30+ genes linked to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk. These studies pinpoint genes more common in those with specific conditions. Two key genes associated with AMD development and progression to advanced stages are found on chromosomes 1 and 10.
However, simply having these genetic variants doesn't guarantee AMD development, but it does increase the risk, a red flag that will need proactive management.
Preventive Measures and Lifestyle Choices
Although genetics plays a role, lifestyle choices can tip the scales in your favor. Things like eating a nutrient-rich diet, protection from harmful UV rays, and healthy habits contribute to overall eye health. Quitting smoking and wearing sunglasses whenever outdoors can also minimize your risk of AMD onset.
Macular Degeneration Co-Management in Santa Barbara
Understanding the role genetics plays in this condition empowers individuals to make informed choices about their eye health. Whether it's through preventive measures, lifestyle adjustments, or early detection through genetic testing, taking proactive steps can make a significant difference in preserving clear vision. Book an eye exam with us at Eye & Vision Care Optometric Group and prioritize your vision today.